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- <text id=94TT1239>
- <title>
- Sep. 12, 1994: Books:The Downward Spiral
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Sep. 12, 1994 Revenge of the Killer Microbes
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ARTS & MEDIA/BOOKS, Page 83
- The Downward Spiral
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> A psychiatrist tells families how to detect signs that a teenager
- may be at risk to commit suicide--and what to do about it
- </p>
- <p>By Jill Smolowe
- </p>
- <p> The problem is of frightening magnitude: 2,000 teenagers commit
- suicide each year, and for every suicide, there are up to 350
- failed attempts. "In an age where the cult of youth is so valued,
- emulated and pursued," notes psychiatrist Andrew Slaby, "we
- have been unable to respond to our children and teens when they
- are in the greatest pain." Slaby's No One Saw My Pain: Why Teens
- Kill Themselves (Norton; 208 pages; $23), written with Lilli
- Frank Garfinkel, is a canny and compassionate attempt to make,
- and help others to make, such a response.
- </p>
- <p> Using eight case studies, Slaby focuses on the severe depression
- that can trigger a teenager's suicide, especially its less obvious
- indicators. The deepening silence of the patient Slaby calls
- Chad, for example, or the perpetual weeping of Sarah; John's
- eerie paintings, or Bret's getting himself kicked off the hockey
- team. Often, Slaby writes, depression is exacerbated when a
- youth feels shame over a subject that is taboo within the family:
- homosexuality, an unwanted pregnancy, the family's unacknowledged
- history of mental illness.
- </p>
- <p> The teenagers Slaby writes about share an inability to convey
- to others the depth and quality of their suffering. Their best
- efforts to describe what they are enduring may be found in journals
- or, most tragically, suicide notes. "I can't tolerate myself
- anymore," writes Sarah, once a vibrant college student. Writes
- David: "My mind is no longer my own, it seems."
- </p>
- <p> Severe major depression, warns Slaby, "should be considered
- as life-threatening as any other terminal medical condition."
- He stresses that it is a treatable biological illness that requires
- medical attention. "Hospitalization of the acutely suicidal
- adolescent is not optional," he says. "It cannot be postponed
- until tomorrow." He urges parents to be alert to signs that
- their children are becoming seriously depressed--to trust
- their instincts and act when they sense that a youngster is
- spiraling downward.
- </p>
- <p> In his practice and in his book, Slaby counsels families in
- which a teen suicide has occurred, although he makes no pretense
- that a family can ever put such an event behind it. "Truthfully,
- I don't believe that any family ever really heals completely
- after the death of a child," he writes. "Healing and coping--they're two different things entirely." He argues that the
- survivors should try not to feel guilty because they failed
- to prevent a suicide: "Some people kill themselves no matter
- what intervention takes place."
- </p>
- <p> Slaby does have one culprit: guns. Fifty-five percent of the
- teenage boys who commit suicide do so with a firearm. Citing
- studies whose findings should be painfully obvious, Slaby concludes,
- "There is increasing evidence those who do not have access to
- a gun are not as likely to kill themselves."
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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